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<?php /** * Abilities API: core functions for registering and managing abilities. * * The Abilities API provides a unified, extensible framework for registering * and executing discrete capabilities within WordPress. An "ability" is a * self-contained unit of functionality with defined inputs, outputs, permissions, * and execution logic. * * ## Overview * * The Abilities API enables developers to: * * - Register custom abilities with standardized interfaces. * - Define permission checks and execution callbacks. * - Organize abilities into logical categories. * - Validate inputs and outputs using JSON Schema. * - Expose abilities through the REST API. * * ## Working with Abilities * * Abilities must be registered on the `wp_abilities_api_init` action hook. * Attempting to register an ability outside of this hook will fail and * trigger a `_doing_it_wrong()` notice. * Example: * * function my_plugin_register_abilities(): void { * wp_register_ability( * 'my-plugin/export-users', * array( * 'label' => __( 'Export Users', 'my-plugin' ), * 'description' => __( 'Exports user data to CSV format.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'category' => 'data-export', * 'execute_callback' => 'my_plugin_export_users', * 'permission_callback' => function(): bool { * return current_user_can( 'export' ); * }, * 'input_schema' => array( * 'type' => 'string', * 'enum' => array( 'subscriber', 'contributor', 'author', 'editor', 'administrator' ), * 'description' => __( 'Limits the export to users with this role.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'required' => false, * ), * 'output_schema' => array( * 'type' => 'string', * 'description' => __( 'User data in CSV format.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'required' => true, * ), * 'meta' => array( * 'show_in_rest' => true, * ), * ) * ); * } * add_action( 'wp_abilities_api_init', 'my_plugin_register_abilities' ); * * Once registered, abilities can be checked, retrieved, and managed: * * // Checks if an ability is registered, and prints its label. * if ( wp_has_ability( 'my-plugin/export-users' ) ) { * $ability = wp_get_ability( 'my-plugin/export-users' ); * * echo $ability->get_label(); * } * * // Gets all registered abilities. * $all_abilities = wp_get_abilities(); * * // Unregisters when no longer needed. * wp_unregister_ability( 'my-plugin/export-users' ); * * ## Best Practices * * - Always register abilities on the `wp_abilities_api_init` hook. * - Use namespaced ability names to prevent conflicts. * - Implement robust permission checks in permission callbacks. * - Provide an `input_schema` to ensure data integrity and document expected inputs. * - Define an `output_schema` to describe return values and validate responses. * - Return `WP_Error` objects for failures rather than throwing exceptions. * - Use internationalization functions for all user-facing strings. * * @package WordPress * @subpackage Abilities_API * @since 6.9.0 / declare( strict_types = 1 ); /* * Registers a new ability using the Abilities API. It requires three steps: * * 1. Hook into the `wp_abilities_api_init` action. * 2. Call `wp_register_ability()` with a namespaced name and configuration. * 3. Provide execute and permission callbacks. * * Example: * * function my_plugin_register_abilities(): void { * wp_register_ability( * 'my-plugin/analyze-text', * array( * 'label' => __( 'Analyze Text', 'my-plugin' ), * 'description' => __( 'Performs sentiment analysis on provided text.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'category' => 'text-processing', * 'input_schema' => array( * 'type' => 'string', * 'description' => __( 'The text to be analyzed.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'minLength' => 10, * 'required' => true, * ), * 'output_schema' => array( * 'type' => 'string', * 'enum' => array( 'positive', 'negative', 'neutral' ), * 'description' => __( 'The sentiment result: positive, negative, or neutral.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'required' => true, * ), * 'execute_callback' => 'my_plugin_analyze_text', * 'permission_callback' => 'my_plugin_can_analyze_text', * 'meta' => array( * 'annotations' => array( * 'readonly' => true, * ), * 'show_in_rest' => true, * ), * ) * ); * } * add_action( 'wp_abilities_api_init', 'my_plugin_register_abilities' ); * * ### Naming Conventions * * Ability names must follow these rules: * * - Include a namespace prefix (e.g., `my-plugin/my-ability`). * - Use only lowercase alphanumeric characters, dashes, and forward slashes. * - Use descriptive, action-oriented names (e.g., `process-payment`, `generate-report`). * * ### Categories * * Abilities must be organized into categories. Ability categories provide better * discoverability and must be registered before the abilities that reference them: * * function my_plugin_register_categories(): void { * wp_register_ability_category( * 'text-processing', * array( * 'label' => __( 'Text Processing', 'my-plugin' ), * 'description' => __( 'Abilities for analyzing and transforming text.', 'my-plugin' ), * ) * ); * } * add_action( 'wp_abilities_api_categories_init', 'my_plugin_register_categories' ); * * ### Input and Output Schemas * * Schemas define the expected structure, type, and constraints for ability inputs * and outputs using JSON Schema syntax. They serve two critical purposes: automatic * validation of data passed to and returned from abilities, and self-documenting * API contracts for developers. * * WordPress implements a validator based on a subset of the JSON Schema Version 4 * specification (https://json-schema.org/specification-links.html#draft-4). * For details on supported JSON Schema properties and syntax, see the * related WordPress REST API Schema documentation: * https://developer.wordpress.org/rest-api/extending-the-rest-api/schema/#json-schema-basics * * Defining schemas is mandatory when there is a value to pass or return. * They ensure data integrity, improve developer experience, and enable * better documentation: * * 'input_schema' => array( * 'type' => 'string', * 'description' => __( 'The text to be analyzed.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'minLength' => 10, * 'required' => true, * ), * 'output_schema' => array( * 'type' => 'string', * 'enum' => array( 'positive', 'negative', 'neutral' ), * 'description' => __( 'The sentiment result: positive, negative, or neutral.', 'my-plugin' ), * 'required' => true, * ), * * ### Callbacks * * #### Execute Callback * * The execute callback performs the ability's core functionality. It receives * optional input data and returns either a result or `WP_Error` on failure. * * function my_plugin_analyze_text( string $input ): string\|WP_Error { * $score = My_Plugin::perform_sentiment_analysis( $input ); * if ( is_wp_error( $score ) ) { * return $score; * } * return My_Plugin::interpret_sentiment_score( $score ); * } * * #### Permission Callback * * The permission callback determines whether the ability can be executed. * It receives the same input as the execute callback and must return a * boolean or `WP_Error`. Common use cases include checking user capabilities, * validating API keys, or verifying system state: * * function my_plugin_can_analyze_text( string $input ): bool\|WP_Error { * return current_user_can( 'edit_posts' ); * } * * ### REST API Integration * * Abilities can be exposed through the REST API by setting `show_in_rest` * to `true` in the meta configuration: * * 'meta' => array( * 'show_in_rest' => true, * ), * * This allows abilities to be invoked via HTTP requests to the WordPress REST API. * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Abilities_Registry::register() * @see wp_register_ability_category() * @see wp_unregister_ability() * * @param string $name The name of the ability. Must be a namespaced string containing * a prefix, e.g., `my-plugin/my-ability`. Can only contain lowercase * alphanumeric characters, dashes, and forward slashes. * @param array<string, mixed> $args { * An associative array of arguments for configuring the ability. * * @type string $label Required. The human-readable label for the ability. * @type string $description Required. A detailed description of what the ability does * and when it should be used. * @type string $category Required. The ability category slug this ability belongs to. * The ability category must be registered via `wp_register_ability_category()` * before registering the ability. * @type callable $execute_callback Required. A callback function to execute when the ability is invoked. * Receives optional mixed input data and must return either a result * value (any type) or a `WP_Error` object on failure. * @type callable $permission_callback Required. A callback function to check permissions before execution. * Receives optional mixed input data (same as `execute_callback`) and * must return `true`/`false` for simple checks, or `WP_Error` for * detailed error responses. * @type array<string, mixed> $input_schema Optional. JSON Schema definition for validating the ability's input. * Must be a valid JSON Schema object defining the structure and * constraints for input data. Used for automatic validation and * API documentation. * @type array<string, mixed> $output_schema Optional. JSON Schema definition for the ability's output. * Describes the structure of successful return values from * `execute_callback`. Used for documentation and validation. * @type array<string, mixed> $meta { * Optional. Additional metadata for the ability. * * @type array<string, bool\|null> $annotations { * Optional. Semantic annotations describing the ability's behavioral characteristics. * These annotations are hints for tooling and documentation. * * @type bool\|null $readonly Optional. If true, the ability does not modify its environment. * @type bool\|null $destructive Optional. If true, the ability may perform destructive updates to its environment. * If false, the ability performs only additive updates. * @type bool\|null $idempotent Optional. If true, calling the ability repeatedly with the same arguments * will have no additional effect on its environment. * } * @type bool $show_in_rest Optional. Whether to expose this ability in the REST API. * When true, the ability can be invoked via HTTP requests. * Default false. * } * @type string $ability_class Optional. Fully-qualified custom class name to instantiate * instead of the default `WP_Ability` class. The custom class * must extend `WP_Ability`. Useful for advanced customization * of ability behavior. * } * @return WP_Ability\|null The registered ability instance on success, `null` on failure. / function wp_register_ability( string $name, array $args ): ?WP_Ability { if ( ! doing_action( 'wp_abilities_api_init' ) ) { _doing_it_wrong( __FUNCTION__, sprintf( / translators: 1: wp_abilities_api_init, 2: string value of the ability name. / __( 'Abilities must be registered on the %1$s action. The ability %2$s was not registered.' ), '<code>wp_abilities_api_init</code>', '<code>' . esc_html( $name ) . '</code>' ), '6.9.0' ); return null; } $registry = WP_Abilities_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return null; } return $registry->register( $name, $args ); } /* * Unregisters an ability from the Abilities API. * * Removes a previously registered ability from the global registry. Use this to * disable abilities provided by other plugins or when an ability is no longer needed. * * Can be called at any time after the ability has been registered. * * Example: * * if ( wp_has_ability( 'other-plugin/some-ability' ) ) { * wp_unregister_ability( 'other-plugin/some-ability' ); * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Abilities_Registry::unregister() * @see wp_register_ability() * * @param string $name The name of the ability to unregister, including namespace prefix * (e.g., 'my-plugin/my-ability'). * @return WP_Ability\|null The unregistered ability instance on success, `null` on failure. / function wp_unregister_ability( string $name ): ?WP_Ability { $registry = WP_Abilities_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return null; } return $registry->unregister( $name ); } /* * Checks if an ability is registered. * * Use this for conditional logic and feature detection before attempting to * retrieve or use an ability. * * Example: * * // Displays different UI based on available abilities. * if ( wp_has_ability( 'premium-plugin/advanced-export' ) ) { * echo 'Export with Premium Features'; * } else { * echo 'Basic Export'; * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Abilities_Registry::is_registered() * @see wp_get_ability() * * @param string $name The name of the ability to check, including namespace prefix * (e.g., 'my-plugin/my-ability'). * @return bool `true` if the ability is registered, `false` otherwise. / function wp_has_ability( string $name ): bool { $registry = WP_Abilities_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return false; } return $registry->is_registered( $name ); } /* * Retrieves a registered ability. * * Returns the ability instance for inspection or use. The instance provides access * to the ability's configuration, metadata, and execution methods. * * Example: * * // Prints information about a registered ability. * $ability = wp_get_ability( 'my-plugin/export-data' ); * if ( $ability ) { * echo $ability->get_label() . ': ' . $ability->get_description(); * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Abilities_Registry::get_registered() * @see wp_has_ability() * * @param string $name The name of the ability, including namespace prefix * (e.g., 'my-plugin/my-ability'). * @return WP_Ability\|null The registered ability instance, or `null` if not registered. / function wp_get_ability( string $name ): ?WP_Ability { $registry = WP_Abilities_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return null; } return $registry->get_registered( $name ); } /* * Retrieves all registered abilities. * * Returns an array of all ability instances currently registered in the system. * Use this for discovery, debugging, or building administrative interfaces. * * Example: * * // Prints information about all available abilities. * $abilities = wp_get_abilities(); * foreach ( $abilities as $ability ) { * echo $ability->get_label() . ': ' . $ability->get_description() . "\n"; * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Abilities_Registry::get_all_registered() * * @return WP_Ability[] An array of registered WP_Ability instances. Returns an empty * array if no abilities are registered or if the registry is unavailable. / function wp_get_abilities(): array { $registry = WP_Abilities_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return array(); } return $registry->get_all_registered(); } /* * Registers a new ability category. * * Ability categories provide a way to organize and group related abilities for better * discoverability and management. Ability categories must be registered before abilities * that reference them. * * Ability categories must be registered on the `wp_abilities_api_categories_init` action hook. * * Example: * * function my_plugin_register_categories() { * wp_register_ability_category( * 'content-management', * array( * 'label' => __( 'Content Management', 'my-plugin' ), * 'description' => __( 'Abilities for managing and organizing content.', 'my-plugin' ), * ) * ); * } * add_action( 'wp_abilities_api_categories_init', 'my_plugin_register_categories' ); * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::register() * @see wp_register_ability() * @see wp_unregister_ability_category() * * @param string $slug The unique slug for the ability category. Must contain only lowercase * alphanumeric characters and dashes (e.g., 'data-export'). * @param array<string, mixed> $args { * An associative array of arguments for the ability category. * * @type string $label Required. The human-readable label for the ability category. * @type string $description Required. A description of what abilities in this category do. * @type array<string, mixed> $meta Optional. Additional metadata for the ability category. * } * @return WP_Ability_Category\|null The registered ability category instance on success, `null` on failure. / function wp_register_ability_category( string $slug, array $args ): ?WP_Ability_Category { if ( ! doing_action( 'wp_abilities_api_categories_init' ) ) { _doing_it_wrong( __FUNCTION__, sprintf( / translators: 1: wp_abilities_api_categories_init, 2: ability category slug. / __( 'Ability categories must be registered on the %1$s action. The ability category %2$s was not registered.' ), '<code>wp_abilities_api_categories_init</code>', '<code>' . esc_html( $slug ) . '</code>' ), '6.9.0' ); return null; } $registry = WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return null; } return $registry->register( $slug, $args ); } /* * Unregisters an ability category. * * Removes a previously registered ability category from the global registry. Use this to * disable ability categories that are no longer needed. * * Can be called at any time after the ability category has been registered. * * Example: * * if ( wp_has_ability_category( 'deprecated-category' ) ) { * wp_unregister_ability_category( 'deprecated-category' ); * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::unregister() * @see wp_register_ability_category() * * @param string $slug The slug of the ability category to unregister. * @return WP_Ability_Category\|null The unregistered ability category instance on success, `null` on failure. / function wp_unregister_ability_category( string $slug ): ?WP_Ability_Category { $registry = WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return null; } return $registry->unregister( $slug ); } /* * Checks if an ability category is registered. * * Use this for conditional logic and feature detection before attempting to * retrieve or use an ability category. * * Example: * * // Displays different UI based on available ability categories. * if ( wp_has_ability_category( 'premium-features' ) ) { * echo 'Premium Features Available'; * } else { * echo 'Standard Features'; * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::is_registered() * @see wp_get_ability_category() * * @param string $slug The slug of the ability category to check. * @return bool `true` if the ability category is registered, `false` otherwise. / function wp_has_ability_category( string $slug ): bool { $registry = WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return false; } return $registry->is_registered( $slug ); } /* * Retrieves a registered ability category. * * Returns the ability category instance for inspection or use. The instance provides access * to the ability category's configuration and metadata. * * Example: * * // Prints information about a registered ability category. * $ability_category = wp_get_ability_category( 'content-management' ); * if ( $ability_category ) { * echo $ability_category->get_label() . ': ' . $ability_category->get_description(); * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_registered() * @see wp_has_ability_category() * @see wp_get_ability_categories() * * @param string $slug The slug of the ability category. * @return WP_Ability_Category\|null The ability category instance, or `null` if not registered. / function wp_get_ability_category( string $slug ): ?WP_Ability_Category { $registry = WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return null; } return $registry->get_registered( $slug ); } /* * Retrieves all registered ability categories. * * Returns an array of all ability category instances currently registered in the system. * Use this for discovery, debugging, or building administrative interfaces. * * Example: * * // Prints information about all available ability categories. * $ability_categories = wp_get_ability_categories(); * foreach ( $ability_categories as $ability_category ) { * echo $ability_category->get_label() . ': ' . $ability_category->get_description() . "\n"; * } * * @since 6.9.0 * * @see WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_all_registered() * @see wp_get_ability_category() * * @return WP_Ability_Category[] An array of registered ability category instances. Returns an empty array * if no ability categories are registered or if the registry is unavailable. */ function wp_get_ability_categories(): array { $registry = WP_Ability_Categories_Registry::get_instance(); if ( null === $registry ) { return array(); } return $registry->get_all_registered(); }

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